Apparatus for manufacture of projectiles.



H. W. SHONNARD. APPARATUS rm: THE MANUFACTURE OF PROJECHLES.

- APPLICATION FILED OCT. 3. I911- 1,292,107. Patented Jan. 2 1,1919. 2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

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WITNESSES INVE TOR I 1/ I I H. W. SHONNARD. APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF PROJECIILES.

APPLICATION FILED OCT. 3. 1911.

. 1,292,107. Patented Jan. 21,1919.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Fl 5.4. M; we a :I 4 f I i I l2 :l I. I /7 l H Q E i 30 /3 tl. FIEE. I /0 WITNESSES INVENTOR UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HAROLD W. SHONNARD, OF UPPER MON TCLAIR, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGN OR TO CRUCIIBLE I STEEL COMPANY OF AMERICA, OF PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF PROJECTILES.

Specification'of Letters Patent.

Application filed October 3, 1917. Serial No. 194,608.

To all tvhom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HAROLD W. SHoN-' NARD, residing at Upper Montclair, in the county of Essex and State of New Jersey,

projectiles, of which the metal must be so worked as to give' it such physical qualities 'or properties as may be obtained only by the working and compressing of metal.

Briefly described, the process consists of confining a heated blank in a die having the general shape of the required finished projectile, and in simultaneously forming the projectile and working the metal of the blank by piercing the outer end of the blank thereby causing the metal -to flow into the tapered end of the die and to become worked either by such flow or by flow and compression between the piercing tool and the walls of the die, the metal of the blank surrounding the tool being restrained or held against backward or rearward flow during the piercing operation. A

In such application I have also shown and described an apparatus whereby the method may be practised, but have made no claimtherein to the apparatus.- Accordingly, it is the object of my present invention to provide apparatus whereby the method, briefly described above and more fully explained in my aforementioned application, may be practis d.

. In the accompanying sheets of drawings .which form part of my specification, I have illustrated the preferred embodiment of my applicat10n. F1gures1-and 2 are vertical central sections of the apparatus taken at right angles to'each other, Fig. 1 being.

taken on the line I--I, Fig. 2, and Fig. 2 on the line 11-11, Fig. 1; Figs. 3 and 4 plan and side views, respectively, ofthe apparatus; and Fig. 5a perspective -view of a detail ofconstruction.

In the practice of my invention I provide a die, the interior walls'of which are of the general shape of the required finished proectile, and inclose such die within a housing provided Withmeans for effecting the stripping of the formed or partially formedprojectilefrom the forming tool, and also for restraining or holding the metal of the blank surrounding-the tool against backward or' rearward movement within the die during the piercing operation.

In the illustrative embodiment of my invention the die is formed of threejparts, namely, upper and lower sections 1 and 2 and an ejector section 3 for engaging the nose or lower end of a formed pro ectile to remove it from the section 1. These parts are mounted within the housing 4 which may be of general cylindrical shape and isprovided with a portion 5 extending beyondthe open or blank-receiving end of the die section 1. For rigidity of construction the portion 5 is preferably formed integrally Patented Jan. 21, 1919.

with the main body 4 of the housing as shown. g

Within the die there is shown a projectile 7 which has been formed from a blank, the lower end of which blank, prior to the piercing operation, extends within the die approximately to the position indicated by the dottedline 8, and'the'upper end of which is 'in the position of the upper end of the formed projectile.

To restrain the rearward flow of the metal of the blank during the piercing operation,

a restraining ring 9 is placed upon the top of the blank within the die and is locked in such position preferably by means of a second ring 11 held in position by a die lock 10, which is preferably of the form particularly illustrated in Fig. 5, and is laterally slidable in an opening or guideway 12 formed in the housing portion 5. -As will be seen, the bottom face of the die lock,

which is shown in inverted position in Fig.

5, .is provided with a recess 6. For holding -'the'die-lock in its proper position within the housing, such lock is provided with grooves 13 and the housing portion 5 with holes 14 adapted to register w1th such grooves and to receive lockingpins 15. As

.seen in Fig. 2, the locking ring '11 is provided with a handle 17 so that it may be laced .within or removed from the housing independently of the die-lock 10.

.In the operation of the apparatus the ring restraining ring 9 is entered through the top opening of the housing and placed upon the top of the blank. The ring 11 is then caused to slide laterally within the recess 6 of the die lock 10 until such ring comes to the position indicated in the drawing in which its inner edge overhangs the outer edge of the flow-restraining ring 9. The blank may then be pierced by a suitable tool 16 in the manner fully explained in my above mentibned application, and during the piercing operation the metal of the blank surrounding the tool will be held against backward flow by means of the ring 9, it being understood that the inner diameter of such ring is, except for a small clearance space, the same as the outer diameter of the tool 16. The pressure of the metal on the lower side of the ring 9 acts through the ring 11 and the die-lock 10, and is ultimately resisted by the overhanging guideway of the housing portion 5. It is for the purpose of adequately resisting the intense upward pressure upon the ring 9 found to prevail during the piercing operation that the housing portion 5 is preferably formed integrally with the main body 40f the housing.

To remove the formed projectile from the die, it is only necessary to remove the ring 11, which, for this purpose, may be engaged by the handle 17, and thereafter cause a plunger 18 to move through an opening 19 in the lower die section 2 and to bear upon the ejector-section 3 of the die.- This section distributes the lifting strain throughout a large area of the nose of a. projectile and hence prevents the crushing thereof. When desired, the entire die may be removed from the housing by first-removing the die block 10 and then causing the plunger 18 to rise, a suitable block or equivalent member being placed on the end of the plunger so that the plunger will engage thebottom of the ejector 2 rather than pass through the opening 19 thereof.

According to the provisions of the patent statutes I have described the principle and operation of my invention together, with the apparatus which I now consider to represent the best embodiment thereof. However, I desire to have it understood that, within the scope of the appended claims, my invention may be practised with other forms of apparatus than that particularly shown and described.

I claim as my invention: 1. The combination with saiddie, and means carried by said housing,

a die for manufacturlng pro ectiles, of a housing inclosing and locked against movement within the housing, for holding the metal of a blank against backward flow during the complete piercing operation of the-blank.

2. The combination with a die for manufacturing projectiles, of a housing inclosing said die, a removable flow-restraining ring within said die, and means borne by said housing to lock said ring within. the die, and upon the end of a projectile forming blank during the 'complete piercing operation of such blank.

3. The combination with a die for manufacturing projectiles, of a housing inclosing said die, a flow-restraining ring, adapted to enter the open end of the die and rest upon the top of a blank therein, and a member borne by said housing and effective during the blank piercing operation to lock said ring upon the top of a blank to restrain the backward flow of the metal of the blank during the piercing operation thereof.

4:. The combination with a die for manufacturing projectiles, of a housing inclosing said die and projecting beyond the blankreceiving end thereof, a flow-restraining ring adapted to enter the open end of said die and rest upon the top of a blank therein, a guideway formed in the projecting end of said housing, a die'lock slidable in said guideway, and a ring slidable in said die lock to and from a position to lock said flow restraining ring against moving outwardly of the die.

5. The combination with a die for manufacturing projectiles. of a housing inclosing said die and having formed integrally therewith a lock retainer extending beyond the blank-receiving end of said die, a flow-restraining ring adapted to enter the open end of said die and rest upon the top of a blank therein, and a lock engaged by said retainer and effective to hold said ring against moving outwardly of the die.

6. The combination with a die for manufacturing projectiles, of a housing inclosing said die and projecting integrally beyond the blank-receiving end thereof, a flow-restraining ring adapted to enter the open end of said ,die and rest upon the top of a blank therein, a guideway formed in the projecting end of said housing, a die lock laterally slidable in said guideway to and from a position to lock said die within the housing, and a ring slidable within-said die lock to and from a position to lock said flow-restraining ring.

my hand. 1

HAROLD W. SHONNARD. Witnesses:

GEO. V. JAMES,

HERMAN C. ENGELMAN. 

